11:115:301 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Lactose Intolerance, Galactose, Galactitol
22 Sep 2019
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Gluconeogenesis must work around those three steps. Lactose + h2o --lactase--> galactose + glucose. Normal changes decrease lactate levels in most mammals after nursing stops. Most people mutation that keeps lactase levels high. Due to the loss of galactose 1-phosphate uridyl transferase. Adds uridyl handle from udp-glucose on to galactose 1-phosphate. Galactose 1-phosphate + udp glucose --galactose 1-phosphate uridyl transferase--> udp galactose + glucose 1-phosphate. Inability to digest galactose accumulation of galactose. Cataracts due to reduction of galactose to galactitol. Sugar accumulates in the eye lens cataracts. Pfk1 is the most important regulator of glycolysis. Pfk1 atp is a substrate + allosteric regulator. Low levels of atp atp acts as substrate. Rate of glycolysis decreases because catabolic pathway. Atp binds both sites (catalytic + allosteric) enzyme is inhibited. In the cell when atp levels are high cell doesn"t need to be burning sugar to make more atp. Committed step to glycolysis since fructose 1,6-bisphosphate is only used in glycolysis.
