AMY-2A Lecture Notes - Lecture 21: Chemical Formula, Glycolipid, Cortisol
Document Summary
Carbohydrates- contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, they are proteins (c- carbo; h-hydr; o- ates) Monosaccharide- (one sugar) simple sugar subunits that join together: can exist in chain or ring form, 5-carbon sugars. Deoxyribose- in deoxyribose (dna: 6- carbon sugars. *isomer- some chemical formula, different arrangement in atoms. Disaccharide- (two sugar) double sugars (2 monosaccharide: results from dehydration synthesis of 2 monosacs (dehydration synthesis- remove water, glucose- fructose = sucrose (table sugar, glucose glucose = maltose (malt sugar) maltose is found in grains. Polysaccharide (many sugar) chains of sugars more then just 2: starch- long chains of gluose in plants. Humans can break down starch, although we cannot make it, it is stored as glycogen: glycogen- long chains of glucose in animals. Functions of carbohydrates- primary fuel, too much is bad: quick energy- glucose primary fuel to make atp, energy storage- glycogen for storage purpose, store energy as glycogen, structural- glycolipids for cell identity.
