AMY-2A Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Chemical Element, Thermodynamics, Octet Rule

• School: RCC
• Department: Anatomy And Physiology
• Course: AMY-2A
• Professor: Galusky

Document Summary

First law of thermodynamics: energy can change from one thing to another but cannot be destroyed, Total energy in = total energy out. Chemistry- the compositions and properties of a substance. Organization of matter: atom- the basic unit of a chemical element, composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Neutrons- neutral, identify the isotopes, same number of protons, different number of electrons. Electron- negative charge, determines the element, - powerful charge opposite to the protons, responsible for interactions, important to chemistry, it is they key to it; determines element bonding properties. Isotopes- same element, different number of neutrons, cannot alter the protons bc it changes the elements. Number of protons = atomic number (unique for each element) Number of protons + neutrons = atomic mass: carbon-12 (99%)- 6 protons + 6 neurons = 12 atomic mass. Ion- any atom with a positive or negative charge (h) Anion- an ion with a negative charge (h-)