AMY-2A Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Salivary Gland, Lipogenesis, Swallowing
Document Summary
Peristalsis- a series of wavelike contractions in the esophagus controlled by the deglutition center, the inner circular muscle layer immediately above the bolus contracts and forces the bolus into a lower section of the esophagus. Retropulsion- repeated squeezing back and forth between the pylorus and corpus and thoroughly mixes the chym. Segmentation- a series of periodic contractions in the small intestine similar to retropulsion in the stomach. Mass movement- movement from the transverse colon out of the body, squeezes fecal material rapidly from the transverse colon into the sigmoid colon and rectum. Haustral churning- when fecal material fills a haustrum, stretch receptors stimulate the circular muscle layer causing it to contract and force the material into the next haustrum, it occurs about every 30 minutes. Absorptive=digestive (during meals): parasympathetic activity, more glucose, amino acids, fatty acids, and insulin (more reuptake), glycogenesis, lipogenesis. Postabsorptive =interdigestive (between meals): sympathetic activity, glycogenolysis, lipolysis, gluconeogenesis, gh, cortisol, glucagon, epinephrine.
