FNR 45400 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Spiral Valve, Eukaryote, Food Chain

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grayhorse685

13 Feb 2019

School

Purdue University

Department

Forestry and Natural Resources

Course

FNR 45400

Professor

Goforth

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Document Summary

Terms to know: surface area/volume ratio (sa/v)- the amount of surface area per unit volume of an object. Body size affects all free living organisms that must uptake metabolites for growth and dispose of waste/heat products through the body wall. The larger the organism the smaller the sa/v ratio. The relationship among sa/v, volume, and area can be seen in fig. 2, which shows that as surface area and volume increase, the sa/v ratio decreases. Therefore, larger animals have a harder time expelling waste than smaller organisms do. Likewise, the metabolic rate that can take place in an organism is dependent on a cell"s size. Smaller organisms will be able to maintain a higher metabolic rate than larger organisms because they have a larger sa/v ratio. If a whale could achieve the same metabolic rate as a bacterial cell, it would generate heat of 15000 degrees.

Related Questions

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MOLECULAR BIO HELP

QUESTION 1

Which of these choices is an example of acclimatization?

		Plants growing in the shade grow larger leaves compared to the leaves growing in direct sunlight.
		A.Pigweed plants ( Amaranthus retroflexus ) growing in North Carolina are more tolerant to heat than plants growing in Canada.
		A.The quadrate bone of snakes is movable rather than rigidl y attached, as seen in other vertebrates.
		A.Desert rodents produce more concentrated urine because of their longer loop of Henle as compared to the loop of Henle found in other rodents living in less arid conditions.

10 points

QUESTION 2

Which of these choices is an example of connective tissue ?

		cardiac muscle
		neurons
		blood
		glial cells

10 points

QUESTION 3

Which of these choices best describes homeostasis ?

		A.maintenance of a relatively constant internal environment
		A.all vertebrates have a similar body plan
		A.exchange of materials with the environment a cell is found in
		A.relationship of the structure and function in animals

10 points

QUESTION 4

You are looking at two cells under a microscope. Both have the same shape, but cell A is smaller than cell B. Which of these statements correctly describes cell B?

		A.The larger cell has less surface area than the smaller cell.
		A.The larger cell has a smaller sur face-to- volume ratio than the smaller cell.
		A.The larger cell has the same surface-to-volume area as the smaller cell.
		A.The larger cell has more surface area than the smaller cell.

10 points

QUESTION 5

Which of these statements is true about ectotherms?

		A.Ectothermic animals tend to be found in arctic regions.
		A.E ctotherms tend to consume more calories than endotherms of similar size.
		A.Ectotherms tend to have more insulating structures than endotherms.
		A.Ectotherms use more energy for reproduction than for heat production.

amethystswan784

The Cambrian explosion is a prime example of ________________.

		mass extinction
		evolutionary stasis
		a large meteor impact
		adaptive radiation

1 points

QUESTION 2

Most animals are viviparous.

True

False

1 points

QUESTION 3

The first phylum with ganglia in their nervous system are the ________________________.

		Mollusca
		Nematoda
		Bivalvia
		Platyhelminthes

1 points

QUESTION 4

The last common ancestor of all animals was probably a _____________________.

		a unicellular worm
		multicellular algae
		flagellated protist
		multicellular fungus

1 points

QUESTION 5

You are given an unknown organism to identify. It is unicellular and heterotrophic. It is motile by use of many short extensions of the cytoplasm. It has well-developed organelles and two nuclei, one large, one small. The organism is most likely to be a ______________.

		foraminifera
		radiolarian
		ciliate
		flagellate

1 points

QUESTION 6

Which of the following organisms would you expect to have the largest surface-area-to-volume ratio? Assume that all of the following are the same total length.

		A mollusc
		A nematode
		A platyhelminth
		Not enough information to determine.

1 points

QUESTION 7

If the animal is a hermaphrodite, it is said to be _______________.

		dioecious
		eutelic
		monoecious
		trioecious

1 points

QUESTION 8

A terrestrial animal species is discovered with the following larval characteristics: exoskeleton, system of tubes for gas exchange and segmentation. A knowledgeable zoologist should predict that the adults of this species would also feature ____________.

		eight legs
		two pairs of antennae
		a sessile lifecycle
		an open circulatory system

1 points

QUESTION 9

The Phylum Echinodermata exhibits metamerism.

True

False

1 points

QUESTION 10

The existence of evolutionary trends, such as increasing body sizes among horse species, is evidence that _____.

		a larger volume-to-surface area ratio is adaptive in many mammals
		evolution generally progresses toward some goal
		evolution tends toward increased complexity or increased size
		in particular environments, similar adaptations can be beneficial to more than one species

FNR 45400 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Spiral Valve, Eukaryote, Food Chain

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