NROSCI 0081 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Astrocyte, Blood Vessel, Neuroglia
18 Jan 2018
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Myelinated neurons make up the white matter in your brain. These lo(cid:374)g (cid:373)(cid:455)eli(cid:374)ated a(cid:454)o(cid:374)s (cid:272)reate (cid:862)tra(cid:272)ts(cid:863) i(cid:374) (cid:455)our (cid:271)rai(cid:374) (cid:272)o(cid:374)(cid:374)e(cid:272)ti(cid:374)g differe(cid:374)t parts of (cid:455)our brain. Interneurons (not usually sending signals far mediator) Clean up after neurons and make sure they are fed. Maintains ionic balance (k+ and ca+2 ions) Repair injury: sometimes form scar tissue. Tight junctions of blood vessel epithelial cells. Astrocyte end feet (endfoot processes: the bbb limits what can get into the brain and prevents certain drugs, toxins and pathogens (viruses and bacteris0 from getting access. It is an essential component to a healthy brain. If an insult is detected, they rapidly change shape and move to the site of the problem. Thought to (cid:271)e i(cid:373)pa(cid:272)ted i(cid:374) alzhei(cid:373)er"s, parki(cid:374)so(cid:374)"s, a(cid:374)d s(cid:272)hizophre(cid:374)ia. Insulate the axons of the cns through myelination. Facilitates repairs in pns axons that are damaged. Gray matter: cell bodies, dendrites, and unmyelinated axons. One oligodendrocyte can extend its processes to 50 axons (cns)
