NROSCI 0081 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Myelin, Microglia, Efferent Nerve Fiber
16 Jan 2018
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Document Summary
All living organisms are composed of one or more cells. The cell is the most basic unit of structure and organization in an organism. Reticular theory (gerlach 1871: nervous system is viewed as one continuous network, neurons are dependent on each other, two main networks or extensions are dendrites and axons. Golgi and cajal had to share a nobel prize. Neural units: ns is made of discrete cells called neurons. Neurons are individual cells: discrete units. Specialization: differ in size, shape, and structure according to their location or functional specialization. Glia: astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes, schwann cells, ependymal cells. Specialized for reception, conduction and transmission of electrochemical signals. Convert electrical signals to chemical signals and then back to electrical. Dendrites: boutons (dendritic spines): where synapses are created. Passes messages away from the soma to other neurons, muscles, or glands. Covers the axon of some neurons and speeds up neural impulses.
