BIOSC 1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Escherichia Coli, Polyadenylation, Cistron

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plumwhale361

17 Apr 2019

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Polycistronic: contains a promotor followed by a single protein coding sequence, promoter followed by multiple coding regions, transcribed into single mrna but translated into 3 separate protein, short regions of dna between coding regions contain instructions to halt translation, polycistronic genes that contain proteins involved in a single biochemical. Additional processing of rna mature mrna which is exported to the cytoplasm: sequences necessary for termination of transcription by rna polymerase, 5" cap, 3" poly a tail, covalent modification of nucleotides, polyadenylation at end. What about the other 98%: used to be caled "junk" dna, ~50% transcribed into non coding rna (ncrna, have some regulatory functions and may be involved in replication, transcription, there are several types of ncrna. and other processes, three types of rna are essential for protein synthesis. Requires: 6 subunits (e. coli, 8 14 subunits (eukaryotes, template (dna, activated precursors (rntps, divalent cation cofactor (mg2+ or mn2+)

Related Questions

Match the following components of the bacterial cytoplasm withtheir respective function.

A. Transcription

B. Control of Replication, Transcription, and Translation

C. Guiding cell wall biosynthesis and cell division

D. Compaction of the genomic DNA

E. Encoding of non-chromosomal genes

F. Gene expression and genetic information storage

G. C, P, N, S storage

H. Replication of the genome

1. Nucleoid
	2. cytoskeletal proteins
	3. Regulatory factors
	4. DNA Polymerases
	5. RNA Polymerases
	6. Inclusion bodies
	7. Plasmids
	8. positively charged proteins, sodium, potassium, andmagnesium ions

whitepug595

1- microRNA regulate protein expression by:

a) binding to the promoter region, activating transcription

b) binding to the promoter region, repressing transcription

c) binding to mRNA, activating translation

d) binding to mRNA, repressing translation

e) bining to rRNA, repressing translation

2- Which finding would be the most plausible?

a) a pre-RNA strand is longer than the corresponding mature mRNA

b) a pre-RNA strand is shorter than the corresponding mature mRNA

c) The nucleotides of a pre-RNA strand are in a different order from those of the corresponding mature mRNA

d) a mature mRNA strand contrains more introns than the corresponding pre-RNA

e) intron scramble the order of genes

3- the dormant form of a bacterial cell is called a:

a) vegetative cell

b) biofilm

c) mutualism

d) spore

e) microbiome

Please explain, thank you!

1. What reaction is catalyzed by reverse transcriptase and used in the laboratory to generate cDNA?

a. transcription of RNA to DNA

b. transcription of DNA to RNA

c. conversion of ribonucleotides into deoxyribonucleotides

d. translation of RNA to DNA

e. conversion of a ribonucleotide to a DNA double helix

2. In eukaryotic cells, _________determine the amount of mRNA arising from a particular gene.

a. transcriptional-level controls

b. RNA processing-level controls

c. translational-level controls

d. replication-level controls

e. b and c

3. In eukaryotic cells, _________determine how a primary transcript is converted to mature mRNA

a. transcriptional-level controls

b. RNA processing-level controls

c. translational-level controls

d. replication-level controls

e. a and d

4. In eukaryotic cells, _________determine when a particular mRNA is actually used in protein synthesis.

a. transcriptional-level controls

b. RNA processing-level controls

c. translational-level controls

d. replication-level controls

e. None of the above because protein synthesis takes place immediately

5. Under what circumstances do cells selectively activate and suppress their genes?

a. at different stages of embryonic development

b. in different tissues

c. exposure to different types of stimuli

d. No such circumstances exist in natureâcells express all their genes throughout life.

e. a, b and c

6. Which statement about the control of gene expression is FALSE?

a. A single gene may be controlled by different transcription factors.

b. A single transcription factor may be necessary for the expression of different genes.

c. Each cell type has a characteristic pattern of gene transcription, which is determined by the particular complement of transcription factors contained in that cell.

d. Expression of protein genes is primarily controlled in nucleoli

e. Control of gene transcription is complex and influenced by various circumstances.

7. What is thought to maintain X chromosome inactivation in females?

a. DNA acetylation

b. DNA methylation

c. RNA inactivation

d. Histone methylation

e. None of the above because both X chromosomes are active in females and males.

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BIOSC 1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Escherichia Coli, Polyadenylation, Cistron

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