IST 220 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Transmission Control Protocol, Optical Fiber Cable, Videotelephony
Document Summary
Encapsulation: process of adding more and more headers in a packet. Routers and link-layer switches: both types of switches forward packets towards the destination. Internet service providers (isp): provide internet access to users or organizations. Protocols: the format and the order of messages exchanged between two or more communicating entities: transmission control protocol (tcp) Internet protocol (ip) specifies the format of the packets that are sent and received among routers and end systems: proto(cid:272)ols i(cid:374) routers deter(cid:373)i(cid:374)e a pa(cid:272)ket"s path fro(cid:373) sour(cid:272)e to desti(cid:374)atio(cid:374) Distributed applications: multiple end systems that transfer data to each other: example: social networks, video conferencing, multi-player games, movie and television streaming. They run certain programs like a web browser. How do homes connect to the internet: digital subscriber line (dsl): a type of broadband usually offered by local telephone companies. Uses pairs of copper wires to exchange data.
