CHEM 112 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Standard Molar Entropy, Jmol
Document Summary
Phase changes and entropy: during a phase change, entropy is the amount of heat transferred at a fixed temperature, stransition = qrev/t = hfusion/t, for melting ice, sfusion = hfusion/t. Solid vs. liquid vs. gas, and entropy: h2o (s) vs. h2o (l) vs. h2o (gas) in order of increasing entropy, solid < liquid << gas, most ordered least ordered. Second law of thermodynamics: the entropy of the universe increases spontaneously, suniverse = ssystem + ssurroundings > 0, if ssystem < 0, then ssurroundings > 0. 2 coins: hh tt ht th = 22 = 4. 3 coins: hhh ttt hth htt tht tth thh hht = 23 = 8. N coins = 2n: boltzmann"s proposal: the entropy of a particular state is related to the number of ways in which that state can be achieved (microstates) based on the equation s = kln(w)
