NURS 282 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Streptococcus, Spinal Cord, Atrophic Vaginitis
Document Summary
Module 1: the process of urination is reflexive up to 3 years old conscious control, voluntary process between, stretch receptors, pns (peripheral nervous system, detrusor muscle. Increase urine volume ~ usually takes 200-300 ml will put enough pressure on: sphincters stretch receptors urge, bladder contraction external sphincter relaxation, urine urethra, normal daily u/o ~ 1,500 ml per day, sns. Innervations ~ detrusor & internal sphincter: prevents inappropriate stimulation. Ignoring urge: bladder contractions >> neural delay. Involuntary urination urinary incontinence: types of urinary incontinence, enuresis. Involuntary urination: children - 4-5yo or older, nocturnal enuresis: bed-wetting, psychological causes ~ anxiety, structural ~ bladder size, typically self-resolving with age +/- tx, transient incontinence. Incontinence secondary to temporary dx: delirium, infection, atrophic vaginitis, u/o, overhydration, restricted mobility, fecal impaction, drug-induced ~ diuretics, sedatives, psychological ~ depression, anxiety, consumption ~ etoh, caffeine. Risk factors for urinary incontinence: female>male, pregnancy, childbirth, menopause, normal female anatomy, males w/ prostate dx, urge and overflow incontinence, age.
