PSY 2120 Lecture Notes - Behaviorism, Testability, Determinism
3 Jul 2018
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Monday, August 28, 2017
Research methods:
Facilitated comm. study:!
"~ 1970s & 80s viewed as breakthrough for communicating with disabled children !
"~ The facilitator and disabled person may not be interpreting the picture (donkey
example) the same way even though they are seeing the same thing.!
"~The facilitators were unconsciously(?) making the decisions and typing for the
disabled people which in many if not all the cases is very unethical. !
"~ they didn't do research on enough people to begin with to prove that FC was really
effective.!
Compelling evidence against FC:
"~its hard to prove that the disabled individuals Was the one typing when there is video
proof of them not even looking. !
"~there wasn't one correct answer in 180 trials!
"~when they showed them 2 different pictures the disable person always wrote what the
facilitator saw.!
•Is FC a result of unconscious cueing??!
•If FC worked then the client should be able to recognize the object and not write the same as
the facilitator if they saw separate pictures.!
4 sources of knowledge:
•Intuition!
•Authority!
•Logic - use formal rules to come to a conclusion!
•Observation - use these to understand why things happen!
•Scientific way of gaining knowledge is by logic and observation!
Intuition
•Sometimes can be good (waking up with headache and realizing its from going out the night
before.)!
•Often leads to flawed conclusions.!
•Wear your lucky shirt to exam thinking it will help you pass.!
•Problems with this is that we tend to see relationships between things that are not really
there !
•Illusory correlation- seeing relationship b/t variables when the relationship doesn't exist.!
•Opposites do not attract, similarity is the best predictor of attraction.!
•Demonstrates need for comparison conditions (group)!
•Not wearing lucky shirt !
Authority
•Sources of authority!
•Politicians!
•deities/clergy!
•news/media!
•Parents!
•“Experts” (experts, although, do have differing opinions from each other )!
•This may be biased is what they present and how they interpret the evidence!
• Scientific approach really need more evidence!
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Document Summary
~ 1970s & 80s viewed as breakthrough for communicating with disabled children. ~ the facilitator and disabled person may not be interpreting the picture (donkey. ~the facilitators were unconsciously(?) making the decisions and typing for the example) the same way even though they are seeing the same thing. disabled people which in many if not all the cases is very unethical. e ective. ~ they didn"t do research on enough people to begin with to prove that fc was really. Compelling evidence against fc: proof of them not even looking. facilitator saw. ~its hard to prove that the disabled individuals was the one typing when there is video. ~there wasn"t one correct answer in 180 trials. 4 sources of knowledge: intuition, authority, logic - use formal rules to come to a conclusion, observation - use these to understand why things happen, scienti c way of gaining knowledge is by logic and observation.
