BUSFIN 3120 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Cash Flow, Current Liability, Accounts Payable

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copperalpaca176

17 Sep 2018

School

Ohio State University

Department

Business Admin : Finance

Course

BUSFIN 3120

Professor

Taner Pirim

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Document Summary

Current-l life less than one year cash accounts receivable accounts payable. Balance sheets- right = left (cid:1688)convenient mean of organizing and summarizing what a firm owns and what a inventory. Fixed- life greater than one year sort based on liquidity- high to low. Right side- current liabilities- life less than 1 year has to be paid back. Financial statements firm owes(cid:1689) (prof. pirim) loss of value(cid:1689) (prof. pirim) want to be able to balance. Book value- (cid:1688)the balance sheet value of the assets, liabilities, and equity(cid:1689) (prof. Market value- (cid:1688)(cid:1684)the true value(cid:1685) price at which assets, liabilities and/or equities can be bought or sold(cid:1689)(cid:1685) (prof. pirim) notes payable long term liabilities (ltd)- greater than one year shareholders equity. Liquidity- (cid:1688)refers to the speed and ease of conversion to cash without significant. In finance you can buy and sell anything. Equity in a balance = total assets- total debt= book value of equity.

Related Questions

Data for Barry Computer Co. and its industry averages follow.

Barry Computer Company:
Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2014 (In Thousands)

Cash	$139,080	Accounts payable	$139,080
Receivables	382,470	Other current liabilities	115,900
Inventories	231,800	Notes payable	127,490
Total current assets	$753,350	Total current liabilities	$382,470
		Long-term debt	$266,570
Net fixed assets	405,650	Common equity	509,960
Total assets	$1,159,000	Total liabilities and equity	$1,159,000

Barry Computer Company: Income Statement for Year Ended December 31, 2014 (In Thousands)

Sales		$1,900,000
Cost of goods sold
Materials	$779,000
Labor	418,000
Heat, light, and power	95,000
Indirect labor	190,000
Depreciation	57,000	$1,539,000

Gross profit		$361,000
Selling expenses		228,000
General and administrative expenses		19,000
Earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT)		$114,000
Interest expense		26,657
Earnings before taxes (EBT)		87,343
Federal and state income taxes (40%)		34,937
Net income		$52,406

1. Calculate the indicated ratios for Barry. Round your answers to two decimal places.

Ratio	Barry	Industry Average
Current	x	1.99x
Quick	x	1.35x
Days sales outstanding^a	days	34.99days
Inventory turnover	x	8.44x
Total assets turnover	x	1.91x
Profit margin	%	2.63%
ROA	%	5.02%
ROE	%	10.93%
ROIC	%	7.90%
TIE	x	3.20x
Debt/Total capital	%	47.00%

^aCalculation is based on a 365-day year.

2. Construct the Du Pont equation for both Barry and the industry. Round your answers to two decimal places.

	FIRM	INDUSTRY
Profit margin	%	2.63%
Total assets turnover	x	1.91x
Equity multiplier

3. Outline Barry's strengths and weaknesses as revealed by your analysis. Select One below

a. The firm's days sales outstanding is less than the industry average, indicating that the firm should tighten credit or enforce a more stringent collection policy. The total assets turnover ratio is well below the industry average so sales should be increased, assets decreased, or both. While the company's profit margin is lower than the industry average, its other profitability ratios are high compared to the industry - net income should be higher given the amount of equity and assets. However, the company seems to be in an average liquidity position and financial leverage is similar to others in the industry.

b. The firm's days sales outstanding is more than the industry average, indicating that the firm should tighten credit or enforce a more stringent collection policy. The total assets turnover ratio is well above the industry average so sales should be increased, assets increased, or both. While the company's profit margin is higher than the industry average, its other profitability ratios are low compared to the industry - net income should be higher given the amount of equity and assets. However, the company seems to be in an above average liquidity position and financial leverage is similar to others in the industry.

c. The firm's days sales outstanding is comparable to the industry average, indicating that the firm should neither tighten credit nor enforce a more stringent collection policy. The total assets turnover ratio is well below the industry average so sales should be increased, assets increased, or both. While the company's profit margin is higher than the industry average, its other profitability ratios are low compared to the industry - net income should be higher given the amount of equity and assets. However, the company seems to be in a below average liquidity position and financial leverage is similar to others in the industry.

d. The firm's days sales outstanding ratio is more than twice as long as the industry average, indicating that the firm should tighten credit or enforce a more stringent collection policy. The total assets turnover ratio is well below the industry average so sales should be increased, assets decreased, or both. While the company's profit margin is higher than the industry average, its other profitability ratios are low compared to the industry - net income should be higher given the amount of equity and assets. However, the company seems to be in an average liquidity position and financial leverage is similar to others in the industry.

e. The firm's days sales outstanding is more than twice as long as the industry average, indicating that the firm should loosen credit or apply a less stringent collection policy. The total assets turnover ratio is well below the industry average so sales should be increased, assets increased, or both. While the company's profit margin is higher than the industry average, its other profitability ratios are low compared to the industry - net income should be higher given the amount of equity and assets. However, the company seems to be in an average liquidity position and financial leverage is similar to others in the industry.

4. Suppose Barry had doubled its sales as well as its inventories, accounts receivable, and common equity during 2014. How would that information affect the validity of your ratio analysis? (Hint: Think about averages and the effects of rapid growth on ratios if averages are not used. No calculations are needed.)

Select one below

a. If 2014 represents a period of normal growth for the firm, ratios based on this year will be accurate and a comparison between them and industry averages will have substantial meaning. Potential investors who look only at 2014 ratios will be misled, and a return to supernormal conditions in 2013 could hurt the firm's stock price.

b. If 2014 represents a period of supernormal growth for the firm, ratios based on this year will be distorted and a comparison between them and industry averages will have substantial meaning. Potential investors who look only at 2014 ratios will be well informed, and a return to normal conditions in 2013 could hurt the firm's stock price.

c. If 2014 represents a period of supernormal growth for the firm, ratios based on this year will be distorted and a comparison between them and industry averages will have little meaning. Potential investors who look only at 2014 ratios will be misled, and a return to normal conditions in 2013 could hurt the firm's stock price.

d. If 2014 represents a period of supernormal growth for the firm, ratios based on this year will be accurate and a comparison between them and industry averages will have substantial meaning. Potential investors need only look at 2014 ratios to be well informed, and a return to normal conditions in 2013 could help the firm's stock price.

e. If 2014 represents a period of normal growth for the firm, ratios based on this year will be distorted and a comparison between them and industry averages will have little meaning. Potential investors who look only at 2014 ratios will be misled, and a continuation of normal conditions in 2013 could hurt the firm's stock price.

taupehornet862

Page 1
Chapter 4: Measuring Corporate Performance
Case Study: Corporate Lending Group: The Hobby Horse
Company, Inc. (HH)
Burchetts Green had enjoyed the bank training course, but it was good to
be starting his first real job in the corporate lending group. Earlier that
morning the boss had handed him a set of financial statements for The
Hobby Horse Company, Inc. (HH). "Hobby Horse," she said, "has a $45
million loan from us due at the end of September, and it is likely to ask us
to roll it over. The company seems to have run into some rough weather
recently, and I have asked Furze Platt to go down there this afternoon and
see what is happening. It might do you good to go along with her. Before
you go, take a look at these financial statements and see what you think
the problems are. Here's a chance for you to use some of that stuff they
taught you in the training course."
Mr. Green was familiar with the HH story. Founded in 1990, it had rapidly
built up a chain of discount stores selling materials for crafts and hobbies.
However, last year a number of new store openings coinciding with a poor
Christmas season had pushed the company into loss. Management had
halted all new construction and put 15 of its existing stores up for sale.
Mr. Green decided to start with the 6-year summary of HH's balance sheet
and income statement (Table 4-1). Then he turned to examine in more
detail the latest position (Tables 4-2 and 4-3).
Source: Brealey, R.A.; Myers, S.C.; Marcus, A.J. (2009): Fundamentals of
Corporate Finance, 6th ed., New York: McGraw Hill, p. 107.
Questions:
What appear to be the problem areas in HH? Do the financial ratios
suggest questions that Ms. Platt and Mr. Green need to address?
1. Calculate financial ratios to interpret HHâs profitability, efficiency,
leverage, and liquidity. Use flow measures for the calculation of the
profitability and efficiency ratios (averages of the year).
2. For the preparation of the meeting with the bank, calculate also the
development of the leverage and liquidity ratios over the past years.
3. Interpret the calculated ratios and give suggestions for the management
how to proceed or how to (possibly) solve the problems.
Fachbereich Elektrische
Energietechnik
Prof. Dr. Valerie Wulfhorst
Betriebswirtschaftslehre,
insb. Controlling
Telefon
02921 378-451
Telefax
02921 378-409
E-Mail
[email protected]
Standort Soest
LÃ¼becker Ring 2
59494 Soest
Fachhochschule
SÃ¼dwestfalen
Sitz: Iserlohn
Hagen
Iserlohn
Meschede
Soest
www.fh-swf.de
Page 2
Tables:
Table 4- 1: Finance highlights for The Hobby Horse Company, Inc., year
ending March 31
Table 4- 2:
2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003
Net sales 3,351 3,314 2,845 2,796 2,493 2,160
EBIT -9 312 256 243 212 156
Interest 37 63 65 58 48 46
Taxes 3 60 46 43 39 34
Net profit -49 189 145 142 125 76
Earning per share -0.15 0.55 0.44 0.42 0.37 0.25
Current assets 669 469 491 435 392 423
Net fixed assets 923 780 753 680 610 536
Total assets 1,592 1,249 1,244 1,115 1,002 595
Current liabilities 680 365 348 302 276 320
Long-term debt 236 159 297 311 319 315
Stockholderâs equity 676 725 599 502 407 324
Number of stores 240 221 211 184 170 157
Employees 13,057 11,835 9,810 9,790 9,075 7,825
INCOME STATEMENT FOR
THE HOBBY HORSE COMPANY, INC.,
FOR YEAR ENDING MARCH 31, 2008
(all items in millions of dollars)
Net sales 3,351
Cost of goods sold 1,990
Selling, general, and administrative expenses 1,211
Depreciation expense 159
Earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) -9
Net interest expense 37
Taxable income -46
Income taxes 3
Net income -49
Allocation of net income
Addition to retained earnings -49
Dividends 0
Page 3
Table 4- 3:
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET FOR THE HOBBY HORSE COMPANY, INC.
(figures in millions of dollars)
Assets Mar. 31, 2008 Mar. 31, 2007
Current assets
Cash and marketable securities 14 72
Receivables 176 194
Inventories 479 203
Total current assets 669 469
Fixed assets
Property, plant, and equipment (net of depreciation) 1,077 910
Less accumulated depreciation 154 130
Net fixed assets 923 780
Total assets 1,592 1,249
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity Mar. 31, 2008 Mar. 31, 2007
Current liabilities
Debt due for repayment 484 222
Accounts payable 94 58
Other current liabilities 102 85
Total current liabilities 680 365
Long-term debt 236 159
Stockholders' equity
Common stock and other paid-in capital 155 155
Retained earnings 521 570
Total stockholders' equity 676 725
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity 1,592 1,249

8. Which of the following would require a higher return under a risk-adjusted return on capital (RAROC) approach to capital allocation?

a)traditional commercial lending activities

b)government securities

c) home mortgages

d) 2 and 3.

9. Trend analysis often involves

a) comparison of past firm performance to current industry performance

b)averaging past years' performance to remove the effects of accounting changes

c) graphically portraying performance measures over time

d) all of the above

e) 1 and 3

10. Transaction risk is the risk of a loss _______ and translation risk is the risk of a loss _______

a) in the value of a firmâs equity with assets denominated in one currency and liabilities in another; with changes in exchange rates for foreign transactions

b) with changes in exchange rates for foreign transactions; in the value of a firmâs equity with assets denominated in one currency and liabilities in another

c) in the value of a firmâs assets with equity denominated in one currency and liabilities in another; with changes in exchange rates for foreign transactions

d) none of the above

11. The special-purpose vehicle (SPV)

a) allows sales accounting treatment of under generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP)

b) usually reduces the credit rating of the structured securitization

c) monitors reports by the loan servicer on the pool performance

d) all of the above

12. The major financing source for a bank comes from

a) loans

b) deposits

c) equity

d) none of the above

13. The provision for loan losses would likely be

a) increased during economic downturns

b) decreased during economic downturns

c) increased during an economic expansion

d) none of the above

e) 2 and 3

14. The Internet

a) may allow banks to cross-sell products, reduce transaction costs, and improve market presence, service, and quality provided to customers

b) may make customers more loyal to the bank by increasing the convenience and access to a broad variety of services, thereby reducing the probability of customersâ switching institutions

c) has increased costs for financial institutions due to lack of economies of scale

d) 1 and 2

15. Pillar 2 of Basel II

a) includes capital charges for credit risk on a case-by-case basis

b) is mutually enforced by Pillars 1 and 3

c) provides for supervisory review of banks internal assessments of capital allocation and adequacy

d) all of the above

e) 2 and 3

16. Types of loan sales include

a) the novation, which transfers all rights and obligations of the selling bank to the buyer

b) the assignment, which gives the buyer the right to take action against the borrower if payments are not made

c) the participation, in which the bank continues to service the loan

d) all of the above

17. The difference between the book value of capital and the market value of capital for the same institution is influenced by

a) changes in interest rates

b) changes in reserve requirements

c) changes in historic asset costs

d) none of the above

e) all of the above

18. Financial institutions are required to maintain liquid assets for the purpose(s) of

a) meeting repayment obligations to customers holding maturing liabilities

b) meeting repayment obligations to customers holding maturing liabilities. meeting regulatory requirements for reserves

c) meeting the dividend payment requirements of outstanding common stock

d) all of the above

e) 1 and 2

19. The process of securitization typically involves

a) removing loans from a bank's balance sheet and selling them to investors

b) bank origination of loans.

c) an insurance company surety bond or a bank letter of credit

d) all of the above

20. Generally, as the maturity of an asset or liability rises it has a higher risk premium due to greater maturity risk and greater

a) default risk

b) default risk

c) liquidity risk

d) all of the above

e) 2 and 3

BUSFIN 3120 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Cash Flow, Current Liability, Accounts Payable

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