BIOL-UA 12 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Listeria Monocytogenes, Innate Immune System, Phagosome
18 Mar 2016
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Document Summary
Eichenberger - microbiology & introduction to animal biology. Pathogens = agents that cause disease (usually microbes or toxins) Two types of immune response: (1) innate immunity = fast not not specific (2) adaptive immunity = extremely specific but is more complex: innate immunity. Recognition of traits common to groups of pathogens (there are specific receptors that can recognize cells that aren"t human cells) Low ph of skin and the digestive system = very acidic environment which kills bacteria. Cellular innate defenses rely on pamp recognition (pathogen-associated-molecular-patterns) Structures typically found only in bacteria: peptidoglycan, lps, and flagellum. Signaling cascade will lead to the activation of specific genes to deal with the presence of the pathogen. Important for the cell to recognize it has been infected after the infection has happened so that it can alert the other cells in the system that there is an infection there. And important amount of signaling between cells in order to coordinate the response.
