PSYC 3406 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Clanging, Thought Disorder, Avolition
28 Apr 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Schizophrenia
-A severe and disabling pattern of disturbed thinking, emotion, perception, and
behavior.
-Two or more of the following each present for a significant portion of time during
a 1-month period (or less if successfully treated) At least one of these 1, 2, or 3
-Delusions
-Hallucinations
-Disorganized speech
-Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior
Negative symptoms
-For a significant portion of the time since the onset of the disturbance, level of
functioning in one or more major areas is markedly below the level achieved prior
to the onset(or when the onset is in childhood or adolescene, there is failure to
achieve expected level of interpersonal, academic, or occupational functioning)
-Continuous signs of the disturbance persist for at least 6 months.
-Social/occupational dysfunction
-Age of onset-late teens to mid 30s
-02.% to 1.5%
-Roughly equivalent for males and females
-25% attempt suicide
Diagnostic Features
Seperate Dimensions
Positive symptoms
Undesirable additions
-Hallucinations
-Delusional thinking (false beliefs)
-Disorganized thinking and speech
Negative Symptoms
-Anhedonia-Absence of pleasure and motivation
-Flat affect- Lack of emotional reactivity
-Social withdrawal
-Alogia – Impoverished speech one Word responses
-Avolition- inability to initiate
In treatment succesful at adjusting positive symptoms but not negative ones
Disturbed Thought and Speech
Thought disorder
-Disturbance in thinking
-Disorganized
-Loose associations
-Tangential
-Incohorent or incomprehensible
-Poverty Of Speech
-Slow
-Vague
-Neologisms
Made up words
-Clanging
String words together that rhyme
-Blocking
Sudden interruption of speech or thought
Perceptual Disturbances
-Hallucinations
Perceptions occurring in absence of extternal stimuli and become confused with
reality
-Auditory (affects 75% of individuals)
-Tactile → touch on your skin feel like things are crawling on it
-Somatic → inside your body
-Visual
-Gustatory (taste)
-Olfactory (smelling)
Command hallucinations
-Voices that tell an individual to act- such as harm themselves
Causes of Hallucinations
-Dopamine
-Brain mistakes inner speech with voice
-Auditory cortex is activated by auditory hallucinations
-Hallucinations involve in Broca’s Area (production) (speech)
Document Summary
A severe and disabling pattern of disturbed thinking, emotion, perception, and behavior. Two or more of the following each present for a significant portion of time during a 1-month period (or less if successfully treated) at least one of these 1, 2, or 3. Continuous signs of the disturbance persist for at least 6 months. In treatment succesful at adjusting positive symptoms but not negative ones. Tactile touch on your skin feel like things are crawling on it. Perceptions occurring in absence of extternal stimuli and become confused with reality. Voices that tell an individual to act- such as harm themselves. Individuals with schizophrenia experience more intense negative emotions, but less intense positive emotions. 50% to 66% may improve significantly over time. Period of decline prior to acute psychotic episode. Rates related to presence of schizophrenia in biologival parent, not adoptive parent.
