LIT 20600 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Naturalistic Observation, Schizophrenia, Internal Validity
Document Summary
5 nonexperimental approaches: phenomenology: the description of an individual"s immediate experience; instead of looking at behaviors external to us, being with personal experience as a source of data (no constraints) Purkinje effect noticed that during twilight red seems black but blue stayed within hues eventually led to understanding of sensitivity to colors of different wavelengths. Process of observing may alter from person to person making replication hard (ex: if purkinje was colorblind his perception of the sunset would be different from everyone else"s) 2. case study: descriptive record of a single individual"s experiences or behaviors or both kept by an outside observer. 1) they are a source of inferences, hypotheses, and theories; ex: by watching kids, researchers made descriptions of normal development. 2) they are a source for developing therapy techniques. 3) they allow the study of rare phenomena. 4) they provide exceptions, or counter instances, to accepted ideas, theories, or practices.
