NUR 409 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Cyanosis, Cardiac Muscle, Auscultation
Document Summary
Hypercapnic because patient needs to exhale co2 to get rid of it: failure to ventilate: neurological or muscular. Can do chest xray to see what led to respiratory failure (fractured ribs, fluid, pneumonia, foreign body, pe). Clinical manifestations: can quickly go from early to progression. Any change in perfusion leads to a change in mental status: early: restlessness, fatigue, headache, dyspnea, air hunger, tachycardia, increased bp. Associated with impaired oxygenation and altered perfusion: progression: confusion, lethargy, tachycardia, tachypnea, central cyanosis, diaphoresis, and respiratory arrest. Management: correct underlying cause and restore adequate gas exchange in the lung. Endotracheal intubation/mechanical ventilation may be required to maintain adequate ventilation and oxygenation. Acute respiratory distress syndrome: severe form of ali. Within 1 week of a known clinical insult of new/worsening respiratory symptoms: chest imaging: bilateral opacities/infiltrates (unclear, dense, fluid filled). Chest xray or ct scan: origin of edema: respiratory failure not fully explained by cardiac failure or fluid overload.
