C_S_D 4030 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Arcuate Fasciculus, Agraphia, Brainstem
18 May 2016
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Left hemisphere is language dominant for most right-handed people; fewer for left-handed people. Other areas can assume function following brain injury. Convolutions in frontal lobe = motor control: franz joseph gall (1758 - 1828)- neuroanatomy. Phrenology- human brain was collection of specialized organs; controlled cognitive ability and character traits localized 30 organs/traits according convolutions of cortex. Described pathways and conductive mechanism of cns localized articulation and word memory to frontal lobe (near orbits) Very controversial; minimal autopsy evidence to support approach: gall"s faculties of mind. Destructiveness, carnivorous instinct, or tendency to murder. Centers & pathways: historical (early 1800s: others: osborn (1833), lordat (1843), bouillaud (1825), & lordat (1843) Classified speech disorders: (fluent/nonfluent dichotomy) articulatory (movement) amnestic (memory of words: brain function: Cortex: intellect: types of memory: verbal- words and names grammatical- language & philosophy. Numerical locality- spatial orientation color tonal harmony of music. Aphemia - reduced fluency, nongrammatic (telegraphic speech), many language production errors, minimal comprehension deficits.
