PHIL 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Formal Fallacy, Gun Control, Anatomical Terms Of Motion
Document Summary
Logic- the organized body of knowledge, or science, that evaluates arguments. Statement- sentence which is either true or false. Premises- statements that set forth the reasons or evidence. Conclusion- statement that the evidence is claimed to support or imply. Conclusions indicators: therefore, accordingly, entails, that wherefore, we may conclude, hence, thus, it must be that, it follows, that consequently, for this reason, implies that, we may infer, so as a result. Premise indicators: since, in that, seeing that, as indicated by, may be inferred from, for the reason that, because, as, in as much as, for, given that, owing to. Formal fallacy- a pattern of reasoning rendered invalid by a flaw in its logical structure that can neatly be expressed in a standard logic system (structure) Informal fallacies are defects found in the content of the argument, which could be inductive or deductive (context) Gives examples- saying it"s the weapon of choice.
