BIOL 131 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Gregor Mendel, Dihybrid Cross, Zygosity
Document Summary
A(cid:374) alter(cid:374)ati(cid:448)e to the (cid:271)le(cid:374)di(cid:374)g (cid:373)odel is the (cid:862)parti(cid:272)ulate(cid:863) (-heritable) hypothesis of inheritance: the gene idea- parents pass on discrete heritable units/genes. Gregor mendel- documented a particulate mechanism of inheritance through his experiments with garden peas characters- actual traits of what we see (phenotype) Observable variation is essential for following genes. Variation is inherited according to genetic laws and not solely by chance. Me(cid:374)del"s la(cid:449)s appl(cid:455) to all se(cid:454)uall(cid:455) reprodu(cid:272)i(cid:374)g orga(cid:374)is(cid:373)s. Used scientific approach to identify two laws of inheritance. Chose to track only those characteristics that varied in an either-or manner. Focused on traits that were easy to score (yes or no traits look at color) Genetic vocabulary- character- a heritable feature such as flower color. Trait- a variant of a character such as purple or white flowers. Each trait carries two copies of a unit of inheritance, one inherited from mother and other from father. Antagonistic traits are the opposite of each trait (tall vs short)
