PSYC 2000 Lecture : Modules 31 35 Notes Outline
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Cognition: the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating. Concept: a mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, or people. Prototype: a mental image of best example of a category. Algorithm: methodical, logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem. Heuristic: simple thinking strategy that allows us to make judgments and solve problems efficiently; faster, but more error-prone. Insight: sudden, often novel realization of the solution to a problem. Confirmation bias: tendency to search for info that supports our preconceptions and ignore contradictory evidence. Fixation: inability to see a problem from a new perspective. Mental set: tendency to approach a problem in one particular way. Functional fixedness: tendency to think of things only in terms of their usual functions. Linda is a 31-year-old woman who is single. As a student, she was deeply concerned with discrimination and social issues. She participated in several demonstrations. (paraphrased from social psychology by david meyers)
