ANTH 4060 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Molecular Evolution, Molecular Clock, Genetic Drift
Document Summary
Genetic variation within a species natural selection vs. neutral. Molecular clock model to estimate date of speciation event structure of genome gene codes for production of protein. Protein is a sequence of amino acids (that is functional in the body). Genetic code is redundant: 64 codons and 20 amino acids codon: triplet sequence of nucleotides, in dna or messenger rna (cid:894)(cid:373)rna(cid:895), that spe(cid:272)ifies (cid:894)i. e. , (cid:862)(cid:272)odes fo(cid:396)(cid:863)(cid:895) a pa(cid:396)ti(cid:272)ula(cid:396) a(cid:373)i(cid:374)o a(cid:272)id. Protein is made up of amino acids genes code for proteins: step 1 transcription: formation of mrna; Step 2 translation: formation of protein summary: sequence of nucleotides in a gene determines sequence of amino acids in a protein. Theory of molecular evolution prompted reevaluation of fossil record. Two geneticists wilson and sarich wrote the immunological time scale for hominid evolution. Did this using proteins, and really blew peoples minds. There are 64 codons but only 20 amino acids. Genes code for a series of amino acids that form proteins.
