BISC 464 Lecture 5: Ch 4- Neoplasia
31 Oct 2017
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Basal layer- cells with relatively prominent nuclei i. high nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio- usually stem cells because they are undifferentiated b. All benign cancers are 6-7 genetic hits to the cell cycle genes. Embryonic genes- in charge of the epidermal to mesenchymal transition. Can leave the epithelium and go into the body; usually using lymph vessels. In development, cells break off from the blastocyst and become mesenchymal to become the gut. Can also do mesenchymal to epithelial transition a) Mesenchymal- connective tissue like cells; fibroblasts, adipocytes, collagen producing cells iv. v. Tmn system- 1 to 4 (localized and early to late and advanced and bad) Usually one hit per decade or so to stem cells. Stem cell- daughter cells turn into more stem cells or proliferating department. Once they reach th basement membra they have to go th. They swit from cell cycle genes to differentiated genes.
