BIOL 261 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Synovial Membrane, Infraspinatus Muscle, Ischiofemoral Ligament
Document Summary
Structural: based on major connective tissue type that binds bones. Synarthrosis: non-movable: amphiarthrosis: slightly movable, diarthrosis: freely movable. Characteristics: united by fibrous connective tissue, have no joint cavity, move little or none. Gomphoses: gomphoses (peg in a socket, articulations of teeth with sockets of mandible and maxillae. Tooth held in place by fibrous periodontal membranes. Found between some skull bones: very short fibers. Function as synarthroses: allow growth in childhood, become ossified synostoses in older adults. Syndesmoses: bound by interosseous membrane, broad ligamentous sheet. Found between radius and ulna and between tibia and fibula. Function as amphiarthroses: provide pivot for two long bones. Some are temporary and are replaced by synostoses. Some like costochondral joints develop into synovial joints. Examples: symphysis pubis: between the manubrium sternum and the body of the sternum intervertebral disks. Functions: reduces friction during movement, acts as a cushion to absorb joint compression, prevents damage to articulating ends of bones.
