DANCEST 805 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Validity, Inductive Reasoning, Ingroups And Outgroups
Document Summary
Keywords: deductive reasoning, conditional reasoning, dual process theory, syllogistic reasoning, mental logic, mental model theory, belief-bias effect, wason selection task, modus tollens, dual system theory. Dual-system theories 7: heuristic-analytic theory (evans) 7. Aids and obstacles to deductive reasoning 8. Religious beliefs as reflective elaborations on intuitions: a modified dual-process model 11. Interdisciplinary and cross-cultural perspectives on explanatory coexistence 15. Classical decision theory: suggests an economic approach, that people optimize their decision, being fully aware of each probable outcome. Heuristics: mental shortcuts that make processing of information only possible, but also induce biases: satisficing. We choose the first option that meets our minimum level of acceptability: elimination by aspects. Used when you have huge amount of alternatives but limited time. We choose, by eliminating alternatives by focusing on each"s aspects: representativeness heuristic. Ex: we think the birthorder bggbgbb is more likely than ggggggg, because: the number of girls and boys in the order are more similar to the population.
