A S L 3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 26: Interference Theory, Availability Heuristic, Loss Aversion
Document Summary
Thinking = manipulation of mental representations of the world. Cognition = thinking + understandings as a result of thinking. Thinking has been adaptive for humankind, although we don"t always think rationally (gigerenzer: dread risks) analogical (physical) and symbolic (verbal) representations of the world brain imaging shows similar outcomes in seeing an object and remembering its analogical representation. We need to think critically of the schemas and scripts that we have. Schemas are sometimes problematic, but they save time/attention and enable us to recognize unwanted situations quickly. Binet-simon intelligence scale now revised as stanford-binet test for children. Spearman: there must be a general intelligence (g) that underpins all different abilities of a person. Cattell: fluid and crystallized intelligence (fluid declines, crystallized inclines with age) Gardner: multiple intelligences, each person has a unique pattern. Sternberg: analytical (academic challenges), creative (novel challenges) and practical (everyday challenges) intelligence.
