CHEM 10052 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Polyatomic Ion, Ionic Compound, Nonmetal
31 Dec 2018
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Main group elements: rightmost digit of group number or, count left to right skipping transition metals. Counting valance electrons: transition metals, group number or, count from left to right. Ions: monoatomic, formed from elements gaining or losing electrons, polyatomic, groups covalently bonded atoms that carry a net charge. Cations: polyatomic cations, only need one for now: ammonium nh4, cations most often end in -ium . Charges for non-metal anions: monoatomic, non-metals: predict from table, add electrons to valence count to make. 8: add -ide ending to root of element"s name, fluorine (f) becomes fluoride (f-, sulfur (s) becomes sulfide (s2-) Anions: polyatomic, memorization and experience, usually end in -ate or ide . Ionic compounds: since opposite charges attract each other, cations are found paired with anions in ionic compounds, this is always true. If you need more than one polyatomic ion in the formula, leave the parentheses.
