HIST 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Four Noble Truths, Noble Eightfold Path, Artha
Document Summary
Core hindu teachings: dharma= duty/code of conduct, artha= purpose, kama= pleasure, moksha= release (end of reincarnation) Hindu deities: 330 million gods, vishnu= preserver, often appears as khrishna, cowherd, shiva= go of creation and destruction (cid:858)holy co(cid:449)s(cid:859) Hindu holy sites: 95% of hi(cid:374)du(cid:859)s li(cid:448)e i(cid:374) i(cid:374)dia, over 1 billion. Jainism (popular in 6th century bce: rejection of castes, equality, asceticism (self-denial, extreme nonviolence (ahimsa, reincarnation. Suddhartha gautama (born ca 563 bce: kshatriya caste, beca(cid:373)e (cid:862)the buddha(cid:863) = e(cid:374)lighte(cid:374)ed o(cid:374)e, 528 bce public announcement, buddha(cid:859)s tree a(cid:374)d seat of e(cid:374)lighte(cid:374)(cid:373)e(cid:374)t. Buddhist doctrine: dharma= ethical rules, four noble truths, eightfold path, nirvana. Four noble truths: all life is suffering, suffering arises from desires, stop suffering by stopping desires, do so by eightfold path. Spread of buddhism: salvation without brahmin, no castes, less ascetic than jainism, used vernacular (local language, accessible, highly organized/monks, ashoka (260 bce, spread among trade routes*
