CHEM-C 243 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Limiting Reagent, Methyl Orange, Lone Pair
Document Summary
Chapter 14/15/16 notes- acids and bases, solubility and complex ion equilibria. Blue = base: according to litmus tests. Section 1- the nature of acids and bases: arrhenius- gave simple definition that acids produce ions in solution, bases produce ions, br nsted-lowry- acids are proton/hydrogen ion () donors, bases are proton acceptors (more accurate) Ex. base (could be acid or base- it has a hydrogen ion in it already- known as amphoteric) Hcl lost a hydrogen ion, so it is an acid; water gained a hydrogen ion, so it is a. Conjugate pairs- acid conjugate base, base conjugate acid: conjugate base- everything that remains of an acid molecule after a hydrogen ion is lost, conjugate acid- formed when hydrogen ion is transferred to the base. Used most in biology: acid ionization equilibrium. Weak acids separate partially in water and reform, reach equilibrium.
