BMS 212 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Mesosome, Sporangium, Ester
Document Summary
Prokaryotic: no nucleus, non-membrane bound organelles, simultaneous transcription (making mrna) and translation (making proteins from mrna) Eukaryotic: nucleus, membrane-bound organelles, transcription and translation are separate processes. External structures: glycocalyx- located on all prokaryotic cells. Little cross-linking undefined shape: capsule. Also functions in preventing phagocytosis and reducing immune recognition. Biofilms- multiple types of bacteria living in communities. Gives higher resistance to the immune system. Filament: assembled from the unattached end, composed of protein molecules called flagellin. Anchor: the basal body anchors the filament and hook to the cell wall with a rod and protein rings; this is also the motor for movement, and has a 100% efficiency with almost no heat generated. *axial: in a spiral organism the flagella wraps around it and all together they are encased in a membrane. Counterclockwise: when the flagella rotate counterclockwise it is known as a run, this is movement that goes in a single direction for some time.
