HIST 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Montesquieu, Toleration, Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• School: George Mason University
• Department: History
• Course: HIST 100
• Professor: Kevin Matthews

Document Summary

Mid-late 1600s four revolutions made the modern world: scientific revolution. O(cid:373)e histo(cid:396)ia(cid:374)s (cid:272)all this the (cid:862)u(cid:374)i(cid:395)ue a(cid:272)hie(cid:448)e(cid:373)e(cid:374)t of weste(cid:396)(cid:374) ci(cid:448)ilizatio(cid:374)(cid:863) Intellectual revolution: 2 political revolutions (american and french) Industrial revolution: re(cid:448)olutio(cid:374)s did(cid:374)"t stop a(cid:374)d sta(cid:396)t, the(cid:455) all (cid:271)le(cid:374)ded (cid:271)ut (cid:449)e(cid:396)e still sepa(cid:396)ate, (cid:272)ie(cid:374)tifi(cid:272) re(cid:448)olutio(cid:374)s (cid:449)as the (cid:373)ost i(cid:373)po(cid:396)ta(cid:374)t (cid:894)(cid:449)ithout it, the othe(cid:396) th(cid:396)ee (cid:449)ould(cid:374)"t ha(cid:448)e happe(cid:374)ed(cid:895) People were expected not to question what is believed (dogma) These beliefs went all the way back to aristotle and the ancient greece. Question beliefs and get in trouble or get accused of witchcraft. Breaking this thinking was long, slow, and hard. They had to create a new way of thinking and questioning. Argued that you must first establish fundamental truths. De(cid:272)ided to esta(cid:271)lish that he e(cid:454)ists (cid:894)(cid:862)i thi(cid:374)k the(cid:396)efo(cid:396)e i a(cid:373)(cid:863)(cid:895) You can then test conclusions derived from the truth. Even before new thinking, questioning, and experimentation, people in the west were doing it.