NUTR 125 Lecture Notes - Lecture 27: Fluid Balance, Extracellular Fluid, Cramp
Document Summary
Dietary source: table salt (nacl): 40% sodium, 60% chloride. Aldosterone: hormone that signals kidneys to retain sodium and water. Endurance athletes- need to consume sports drinks. Muscle cramp, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, shock, coma. Increased sodium intake is associated with hypertension (high blood pressure) Sodium-sensitive individuals should restrict intake (african americans, diabetes, obese individuals) Example question: if jeff consues roughly 2 teaspoons (10 g) of salt, how much sodium does he get in his diet. Present in all cells of the body. Amount in body is dependent on amount absorbed. Requires slightly acidic environment and vitamin d. Adults: absorb 25% of calcium in food. Parathyroid hormone enhances calcium absorption increase to about 60% during time of need (pregnancy, infancy) Blood calcium level can be maintained despite inadequate calcium intake. Calcium obtained from bones for blood calcium regulation. Average intake: 700-800 mg/day for women and 1000 mg/day for men. Upper level is 2500 mg/day: kidney stones.
