DEP-3103 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Albert Bandura, Cognitive Development, Donald Symons
Document Summary
Negative punishment something taken out of the environment (no dessert); positive punishment something added to the environment (more chores) Positive reinforcement adding something (more allowance); negative reinforcement taking something away (less chores) Focused on the processes that allow people to know, understand, and think about the world. Schemas mental representations of objects, actions, behaviors, and concepts (schemes adapt over time due to new information) Adaptation assimilation (new info is interpreted in ways that fit existing schemas e. g. , an owl is a bird, a cardinal is a bird, an airplane is a bird overgeneralizing); accommodation (change schemas to fit new info) People have an intrinsic need for their schemas to be congruent with incoming sensory info (equilibration) In order to move trough stages, biological development and experiences must occur. Cognitive processes are analogous to how computers function. Metacognitive skills we can know how we think. 5 levels of environment (micro-, meso-, exo-, macro-, chrono-systems)
