PET-3322 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Glycosuria, Adiponectin, Cholecalciferol
5 Nov 2017
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16. 1 endocrine system overview: endocrine system acts with nervous system to coordinate and integrate activity of body cells. Hormones: long-distance chemical signals; travel in blood or lymph. Autocrines: chemicals that exert effects on same cells that secrete them. Paracrines: locally acting chemicals that affect cells other than those that secrete them. Autocrines and paracrines are local chemical messengers; not considered part of endocrine system. 16. 2 hormone chemical structure: two main classes of hormones: Amino acid based hormones: amino acid derivatives, peptides, and proteins. Steroids: synthesized from cholesterol, gonadal and adrenocortical hormones. 16. 4 hormone release: blood levels of hormones. Increased hormone effects on target organs can inhibit further hormone release. Levels vary only within narrow, desirable range. Hormone release is triggered by: endocrine gland stimuli, nervous system modulation. Endocrine gland stimuli: endocrine glands are stimulated to synthesize and release hormones in response to one of three stimuli: Changing blood levels of ions and nutrients directly stimulate secretion of hormones.
