CHM-1020C Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Intramuscular Injection, Heme, Arsenic
29 Aug 2016
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Monday, August 1, 2016
Lecture 10
Biochemistry of Poisons
-The lethality of poisons is given on a scale called the LD50, which is the lethal dose
for 50% of the population.
-There are four pathways by which poisons enter the body:
•Ingestion (Gastrointestinal Tract)
•Inhalation (Lungs)
•Dermal/Topical (Skin)
•Injection (intravenous, intramuscular, intraperitoneal)
-The speed with which a poison can act is dependent on the pathway it takes into the
body.
-The pathways are listed below from fastest to slowest:
Intravenous (into a vein) injection > inhalation > intraperitoneal (into the body)
injection > intramuscular (into the muscle) injection> ingestion > topical (onto the skin)
absorption
-Poisons are also categorized by their speed of action:
Acute < 24hr usually 1 exposure
Sub-acute 1 month repeated doses
Sub-chronic 1-3mo repeated doses
Chronic > 3mo repeated doses
-When inhaled a poison is in gas form and uses the body's blood stream to move
through the body as absorbed gases though the alveoli.
-When ingested the poison is absorbed through the GI tract and small intestine.
-When absorbed through the skin the toxin passes first through the pores, then into the
subcutaneous tissues and then finally into the blood stream
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Document Summary
The lethality of poisons is given on a scale called the ld50, which is the lethal dose for 50% of the population. There are four pathways by which poisons enter the body: ingestion (gastrointestinal tract, inhalation (lungs, dermal/topical (skin, injection (intravenous, intramuscular, intraperitoneal) The speed with which a poison can act is dependent on the pathway it takes into the body. The pathways are listed below from fastest to slowest: Intravenous (into a vein) injection > inhalation > intraperitoneal (into the body) injection > intramuscular (into the muscle) injection> ingestion > topical (onto the skin) absorption. Poisons are also categorized by their speed of action: When inhaled a poison is in gas form and uses the body"s blood stream to move through the body as absorbed gases though the alveoli. When ingested the poison is absorbed through the gi tract and small intestine.
