PCB 4674 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Phylogenetic Tree, Ingroups And Outgroups, Eukaryote
14 Apr 2018
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Document Summary
Unrooted tree cladogram or phylogenetic tree that does not specify the position of the deepest common ancestor. Rooted tree cladogram or phylogenetic tree in which the position of the deepest common ancestor is specified either a priori or by assumptions of parsimony. Polytomy a clade in which more than two branches descend from a single ancestral node. A failure to resolve relationships above that node. Synplesiomorphy an ancestral state of a character retained in two or more members of the in-group. Phylogeny depicting the evolutionary relationships among a suite of species. Evolutionary tree depicting the variants of a gene. Alleles of a single gene within a species. Difficult to root the deepest tree of life. Lateral gene transfer mechanisms: transformation: picking up dna from the environment and incorporating it into the cell"s chromosome, conjugation of plasmids, transduction: pieces of host dna attach to viruses, endosymbiotic relationships.
