ASTR 105 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Ideal Gas Law, White Dwarf, Cosmic Distance Ladder
Lab AST 105 Lecture Notes 17:
• White Dwarf Nova
• -Fusion on Surface
- Older Star Populations
• -White Dwarf Survives
• White Dwarf Supernova
- Fusion in Core
- Older Star Populations
- Nothing Left (can only happen once)
• Massive Star Supernova
• -Core Collapse
- Young Star Populations
- Ends as Neutron Star or Black Hole
• Interstellar Matter (ISM)
- Nebulae of different densities and temperatures
• Molecular Cloud Collapse
• Gravity vs Pressure
• Ideal Gas Law
• Equation : P = nkT
• Distance Ladder
• Every step is calibrated by the step below.
• Radar
• Parallax
• 3.Standard Stars
• Standard Galaxies
• Supernovae
• Hubble's Law
• Parallax
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• Observed angular shift
• Standard Candle
• Assumed luminosity and measured apparent brightness gives distance
• Main Sequence Fitting
• Assumed luminosity of Main Sequence stars
• Cepheids
• Bright, variable stars with a period-luminosity relationship
• Galaxy Standards
• Assume luminosity from rotation rates, apparent size, etc
• Supernovae
• Uses white dwarf supernovae as standard candles
• Hubble's Law
- The farther away something is, the faster its moving away from us
• -V = HoD
• Elliptical Galaxy
• Older stars, random orbits, little gas or dust, no star formation
• Spiral Galaxy
• -Disk = younger stars
- Bulge = older stars
• -Halo = hot gas, globular clusters
• Irregular Galaxy
• Random shape, often small, often the result of collision, lots of star formation
• Galaxy Groups
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