ACC 358 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Subledger, General Ledger, Financial Statement

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indigolion532

18 May 2018

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Merchandise

Goods that a business purchases to sell

Merchandising Business

A business that purchases and resells goods

Retail Merchandising Business

A merchandising business that sells to those who use or consume the goods

Wholesale Merchandising Business

Buys and resells merchandise primarily to other merchandising business

Corporation

An organization with the legal rights of a person which many persons or other coproations may own

Capital

The assets or other financial resources available to a business

Share of Stock

Each unit of ownership in a corporatoin

Stockholder

The owner of one or more shares of stock

Capital Stock

The total shares of ownership in a corporation

Articles of Incorporation

A legal document that identifies basic characteristics of a corporation, is a part of the application

submitted to a state to become a corporation

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Charter

The legal right for a business to conduct operation as a corporation

Vendor

A business from which merchandise, supplies, or other assets are purchased

Subsidiary Ledger

A ledger that is summarized in a single general ledger account

Accounts Payable Ledger

The subsidiary ledger containing vendor accounts

Controlling Account

An account in a general ledger that summarizes all accounts in a subsidiary ledger

Inventory

A list of assets, usually containing the value of individual items

Merchandise Inventory

The goods a business has on hand for sale to customers

Perpetual Inventory

An inventory determined by keeping a continuous record of increases, decreases, and the balance on

hand of each item of merchandise

Periodic Inventory

A merchandise inventory evaluated at the end of the fiscal period

Physical Inventory

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Document Summary

A merchandising business that sells to those who use or consume the goods. Buys and resells merchandise primarily to other merchandising business. An organization with the legal rights of a person which many persons or other coproations may own. The assets or other financial resources available to a business. The owner of one or more shares of stock. The total shares of ownership in a corporation. A legal document that identifies basic characteristics of a corporation, is a part of the application submitted to a state to become a corporation. The legal right for a business to conduct operation as a corporation. A business from which merchandise, supplies, or other assets are purchased. A ledger that is summarized in a single general ledger account. An account in a general ledger that summarizes all accounts in a subsidiary ledger. A list of assets, usually containing the value of individual items. The goods a business has on hand for sale to customers.

Related Questions

QUESTION 1 The knowledge of financial accounting can assist people with decisions such as whether to extend credit to a business. True False 0.2 points Saved QUESTION 2 Employees of a company would not have a reason to use the information provided by financial accounting. True False 0.2 points Saved

QUESTION 3 Financial accounting should be used for assessing the financial health of large organizations only. True False 0.2 points Saved

QUESTION 4 Financial accounting can be helpful for a job candidate who is assessing the financial future of a potential employer. True False 0.2 points Saved QUESTION 5 Lenders might use the information produced by financial accounting when making loan decisions. True False 0.2 points Saved

QUESTION 6 Credit analysts prefer not to use information provided by financial accounting, as it is not accurate. True False 0.2 points Saved

QUESTION 7 Financial accounting is helpful to investment advisors. True False 0.2 points Saved

QUESTION 8 Financial accounting is more useful than managerial accounting. True False 0.2 points Saved

QUESTION 9 The decision to buy or rent equipment is an example of a decision aided by managerial accounting. True False 0.2 points Saved

QUESTION 10 Which of the following statements is true of financial accounting? A. It is used by external parties to make investment decisions. B. It is used to make lease or purchase decisions. C. Managerial accounting is another name for financial accounting, D. It is primarily used to make internal decisions of a business. E. The effectiveness of advertising can be judged using financial accounting. 0.2 points Saved QUESTION 11 The charge for using money over time, often associated with long-term loans, is known as: A. interest. B. principal. C. distribution charge. D. cash dividend. E. preferred dividend. 0.2 points Saved QUESTION 12 Which of the following is a common feature of financial and managerial accounting? A. Both have same objectives B. Both are prepared according to U.S. GAAP C. Both are reported at year end in the annual report D. Both are analyzed by external users while making investment decisions E. Both are used by the management in making decisions 0.2 points Saved

QUESTION 13 Dividends are required to be paid to stockholders on an annual basis. True False 0.2 points Saved

QUESTION 14 An individual who owns one or more shares of stock in a corporation is an owner of that corporation. True False 0.2 points Saved

QUESTION 15 Corporations do not exist as separate legal entities apart from their owners. True False 0.2 points Save Answer

QUESTION 16 It is very difficult to buy or sell ownership shares of a corporation in a stock exchange. True False 0.2 points Saved

QUESTION 17 Stock markets match up investors who wish to buy shares with those who wish to sell them. True False 0.2 points Saved

QUESTION 18 Legal process by which owners of an organization apply to a state government to have it identified as an entity legally separate from its owners is called: A. stocking. B. filling. C. attributing. D. registration. E. incorporation. 0.2 points Saved

QUESTION 19 An advantage of ownership in a sole proprietorship over ownership in a corporation is: A. tax benefits. B. having a board of directors. C. the ability to raise capital through issuance of stock. D. separation of owner and business as legal entities. E. limited liability for debts. 0.2 points Saved

QUESTION 20 Who hires the management of a corporation? A. Stockholders B. Board of directors C. Creditors D. Government E. SEC 0.2 points Saved QUESTION 21 Inventory refers to the: A. excess amount paid for an asset over its fair value. B. intangible assets of a business. C. merchandise bought or manufactured for the purpose of selling. D. amount of net income reinvested by company for future operations. E. revenue generated from investment. 0.2 points Saved QUESTION 22 Investors use financial information to predict whether a: A. company will recruit more employees. B. company's stock price will increase C. company has invested in buildings. D. company will pay salaries. E. company's bond price will increase. 0.2 points Saved

QUESTION 23 Financial accounting can be compared to a portrait. True False 0.2 points Saved

QUESTION 24 Financial statements provide the form and structure for the conveyance of financial information that will create a likeness of the reporting organization. True False 0.2 points Saved

QUESTION 25 The information reported in financial statements must be exact for an investor to make any decision. True False 0.2 points Saved

beigeant306

Investment and financing decisions, which may beshort-term or long-term decisions are best describedas:

financial decision making.

economic decision making.

accounting decision making.

Mutual funds, pension funds, investment dealers andinsurance companies are best described as examples of:

corporate finance.

market intermediaries.

financial intermediaries.

Farmers and Merchants Bank lends money to Ruth topurchase a car from Steven Toyota. Ruth is going to insure the carwith Allstate Insurance. Which party is best described as thecreditor?

Ruth

Steven Toyota

Allstate Insurance

Farmers and Merchants Bank

Which of the following would not be described as adebenture?

An unsecured loan

A loan secured by collateral

A loan secured by the âfull faith and creditâ of theissuer

Morgan Stanley was the investment banking firm that tookFacebook from being a closely held company to issuing stock to thepublic for the first time. Which of the following terms mostclosely describes this?

money market security.

issuing commercial paper.

initial public offering (IPO).

debt security backed by the general credit of theissuer.

Which of the following transactions does not take placein the primary market? An investor:

buying a newly issued municipal bond.

buying shares of an initial publicoffering.

selling one hundred shares of stock through a stockbroker.

buying a U.S. Treasury bill through the governmentauction.

The majority of home purchases in the U.S. are securedwith a mortgage. A mortgage is:

an unsecured loan.

an equity investment in the property.

a debt obligation secured by a specificproperty.

Which form of business would most likely describe thefollowing, a college student other students, a retired woman whobabysits children, a teenager who mows lawns, and a partyclown?

Partnership

Corporation

Sole proprietorship

Limited liability company

Flow-through taxation is a characteristic for all butthe following forms of business?

Partnership

Corporation

Sole proprietorship

Limited liability company

Your sister wants to start a tee shirt business on e-Baywith you to help pay for college tuition. All of the following areadvantages to partnerships that you should both consider, except____________?

Easy to form

Access to capital

Business income is taxed once, at the individualpartnerâs level

Which of the following takes into account takes intoaccount the opportunity cost of funds?

Net profit

Economic profit

Accounting profit

When we talk about capital structure, this refersto:

the cash, inventory, and accountsreceivable.

mix of debt and equity to finance anenterprise.

the investment in plant, property andequipment.

The uncertainty associated with the use of debt tofinance a business enterprise is best described as:

financial risk.

business risk.

operating risk.

The mix of debt and equity that is used to finance abusiness enterprise is best described as theenterpriseâs:

assets.

working capital.

capital structure.

capital expenditures

Generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) are bestdescribed as a(n):

organization that establishes the accounting principlesfor U.S. financial reporting.

accounting standards promulgated by the InternationalAccounting Standards Board (IASB.)

set of basic principles and conventions that are appliedin the preparation of financial statements.

organization that establishes the accounting principlesfor business entities in the European EconomicCommunity.

Which reporting convention requires recording revenueand expenses when the transaction occurs, regardless of when cashchanges hands?

Cost basis

Cash basis

Accrual basis

The summary of the companyâs performance over a periodof time, typically a fiscal quarter or fiscal year

Balance sheet

Statement of stockholderâs equity

Income statement

Statement of cash flows

_______ is the cash flow from the day-to-day operationsof the business; the result of subtracting the increase in newworking capital from traditional cash flow.

Cash flow from investing

Cash flow from financing

Simple cash flow

Cash flow from operations

The debt ratio is classified as which type ofratio?

Owner

Liquidity

Efficiency

Productivity

Financial Leverage

Inventory turnover, accountsreceivable turnover, fixed asset turnover, and total asset turnoverare all classified as which type of ratio?

Owner

Liquidity

Efficiency

Productivity

Financial Leverage

ABC Company attempts tomanage its earnings by extending the useful life of all of itsequipment. Which of the following will not be an outcome of thischoice by management?

Income will be higher than it would have been underprior accounting methods.

Equipment values will be higher than they would havebeen without the change.

Depreciation expense will be lower than it would havebeen under prior accounting methods.

Depreciation expense will be higher than it would havebeen under prior accounting methods.

It is important for a companyto know the level of sales at which it covers all its variable andfixed operating costs. This level of sales is best described asthe:

gross profit margin.

contribution margin.

operating break even.

operating profit margin.

The minimum return thatinvestors expect to earn on the investment in stock is bestdescribed as:

growth rate.

risk premium.

capital gains yield.

required rate of return

If a company returns more than the required rate ofreturn on a stock, what happens to the value of thatstock?

The stock price falls.

The stock price rises.

The stock price stays the same.

When market rates are greaterthan the dividend rate, preferred shares will tradeat:

par.

a discount.

a premium.

byzantiummoose662

On July 1, 2018, Tony and Suzie organize their new company as a corporation, Great Adventures Inc. The following transactions occur from August 1 through December 31. Also, the balances are provided for the month ended July 31.

The articles of incorporation state that the corporation will sell 33,000 shares of common stock for $1 each. Each share of stock represents a unit of ownership. Tony and Suzie will act as co-presidents of the company. The following business activities occur during July for Great Adventures.

Jul. 1 Sell $16,500 of common stock to Suzie.
Jul. 1 Sell $16,500 of common stock to Tony.
Jul. 1 Purchase a one-year insurance policy for $5,880 ($490 per month) to cover injuries to participants during outdoor clinics.
Jul. 2 Pay legal fees of $1,800 associated with incorporation.
Jul. 4 Purchase office supplies of $1,400 on account.
Jul. 7 Pay for advertising of $290 to a local newspaper for an upcoming mountain biking clinic to be held on July 15. Attendees will be charged $40 the day of the clinic.
Jul. 8 Purchase 10 mountain bikes, paying $11,900 cash.
Jul. 15 On the day of the clinic, Great Adventures receives cash of $2,400 from 60 bikers. Tony conducts the mountain biking clinic.
Jul. 22 Because of the success of the first mountain biking clinic, Tony holds another mountain biking clinic and the company receives $2,800.
Jul. 24 Pay for advertising of $690 to a local radio station for a kayaking clinic to be held on August 10. Attendees can pay $130 in advance or $180 on the day of the clinic.
Jul. 30 Great Adventures receives cash of $10,400 in advance from 80 kayakers for the upcoming kayak clinic.
Aug. 1 Great Adventures obtains a $41,000 low-interest loan for the company from the city council, which has recently passed an initiative encouraging business development related to outdoor activities. The loan is due in three years, and 6% annual interest is due each year on July 31.
Aug. 4 The company purchases 14 kayaks, paying $21,000 cash.
Aug. 10 Twenty additional kayakers pay $3,600 ($180 each), in addition to the $10,400 that was paid in advance on July 30, on the day of the clinic. Tony conducts the first kayak clinic.
Aug. 17 Tony conducts a second kayak clinic, and the company receives $12,500 cash.
Aug. 24 Office supplies of $1,400 purchased on July 4 are paid in full.
Sep. 1 To provide better storage of mountain bikes and kayaks when not in use, the company rents a storage shed, purchasing a one-year rental policy for $3,360 ($280 per month).
Sep. 21 Tony conducts a rock-climbing clinic. The company receives $14,600 cash.
Oct. 17 Tony conducts an orienteering clinic. Participants practice how to understand a topographical map, read an altimeter, use a compass, and orient through heavily wooded areas. The company receives $19,600 cash.
Dec. 1 Tony decides to hold the companyâs first adventure race on December 15. Four-person teams will race from checkpoint to checkpoint using a combination of mountain biking, kayaking, orienteering, trail running, and rock-climbing skills. The first team in each category to complete all checkpoints in order wins. The entry fee for each team is $510.Dec. 5 To help organize and promote the race, Tony hires his college roommate, Victor. Victor will be paid $60 in salary for each team that competes in the race. His salary will be paid after the race.Dec. 8 The company pays $1,600 to purchase a permit from a state park where the race will be held. The amount is recorded as a miscellaneous expense.Dec. 12 The company purchases racing supplies for $2,500 on account due in 30 days. Supplies include trophies for the top-finishing teams in each category, promotional shirts, snack foods and drinks for participants, and field markers to prepare the racecourse.Dec. 15 The company receives $20,400 cash from a total of forty teams, and the race is held.Dec. 16 The company pays Victorâs salary of $2,400.
Dec. 31 The company pays a dividend of $4,500 ($2,250 to Tony and $2,250 to Suzie).
Dec. 31 Using his personal money, Tony purchases a diamond ring for $5,000. Tony surprises Suzie by proposing that they get married. Suzie accepts and they get married!

The following information relates to year-end adjusting entries as of December 31, 2018.

a. Depreciation of the mountain bikes purchased on July 8 and kayaks purchased on August 4 totals $7,000.
b. Six monthsâ worth of insurance has expired.
c. Four monthsâ worth of rent has expired.
d. Of the $1,400 of office supplies purchased on July 4, $360 remains.
e. Interest expense on the $41,000 loan obtained from the city council on August 1 should be recorded.
f. Of the $2,500 of racing supplies purchased on December 12, $170 remains.
g. Suzie calculates that the company owes $14,700 in income taxes.

Assume the following ending balances for the month of July.

	Balance
Cash	$	28,040
Prepaid insurance		5,880
Supplies (Office)		1,400
Equipment (Bikes)		11,900
Accounts payable		1,400
Deferred revenue		10,400
Common stock		33,000
Service revenue (Clinic)		5,200
Advertising expense		980
Legal fees expense		1,800

value:
3.00 points

Required information

Great Adventures Problem 3-1 Part 2

2. Record adjusting entries as of December 31, 2018. (If no entry is required for a transaction/event, select "No journal entry required" in the first account field.)

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ACC 358 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Subledger, General Ledger, Financial Statement

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