PSYC 310 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: 18 Months, Steven Pinker, Text Segmentation
9 Apr 2018
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The segmentation problem: boundaries between words aren"t always marked by a pause, pauses can occur within a word and between words. Statistical associations: transitional probabilities: saffran, aslin & newport (1996): 8-month olds, pabikutibudugolatuibududaropipabikugolatuibudupabikugolatudaropipabikudaropipabiku tibudugo. Find that across two experiments, babies look longer at novel item (word/stimulus that is not a word) infants do discriminate stimuli. Infants with only two minutes of exposure can pick out statistical associations. Infants showed discrimination of words vs. non-words following only two minutes of familiarization with transitional probabilities. In addition, infants might get some additional help. Word segmentation in the real world: babies may use familiar words to bootstrap segmentation and help to identify other words, example: use of own name, lookjohnnyadoggie . Infant-directed speech (ids: also known as motherese or parentese . First words: begin at 10-12 months of age. Rate of new words: 8-12 per month: composition.
