PSYC 205 Lecture : Emotional Development
Subjective feeling
Desire to take action, control environment
Physiological correlates
Cognition
Emotional "milestones"
First Level Emotions
1. Joy
Fleeting smiles
oduring the first month
oOccur during REM sleep
oReflexive and biologically driven - evolutionarily adaptive b/c fosters care
Social smiles
o~6-7 weeks
oSmile at objects or people (more responsive than reflexive)
oThrough social stimulus
oAround 3-4 months - laughter develops
oEventually, joy for achieving goals
1. Distress - Crying b/c of change in temperature, stimulation
2. Disgust - show facial expression mostly to bitter tastes
3. Interest - respond to interesting events (measured through sucking pattern)
Second Level Emotions
1. Fear - Fear develops over time to sudden noises, movements (7-12 months), separation
anxiety (8-15 months), by preschool - fear to imaginary objects/creatures, school - fear of physical
harm and real life
2. Anger - Emerges when objects removed/restrained, linked to specific situations. Anger
increases with age especially when infants move around - they see goals are blocked)
3. Surprise - emerges at 6 months
4. Sadness - emerges in first few months (less frequent than anger), show sadness in
response to pain or separation, not very common unless very extreme situation
Self-Conscious Emotions - emerge around 18-24 months - understanding of self around 2 yrs
1. Embarrassment
2. Pride
3. Guilt
4. Shame
Emotion Regulation
General developmental trends:
Infants - not very systematic ways, cry to get their feelings out (very behavioral)
Early childhood - can now communicate and use language, have more strategies but they are
still behavioral
Middle childhood & adolescence - have cognitive techniques - use social support, rationalize,
develop self-efficacy (we are in control of our situation)
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Document Summary
Fleeting smiles o during the first month: occur during rem sleep o. Reflexive and biologically driven - evolutionarily adaptive b/c fosters care. Smile at objects or people (more responsive than reflexive) Through social stimulus: around 3-4 months - laughter develops o. Distress - crying b/c of change in temperature, stimulation. Disgust - show facial expression mostly to bitter tastes. Interest - respond to interesting events (measured through sucking pattern) Fear - fear develops over time to sudden noises, movements (7-12 months), separation anxiety (8-15 months), by preschool - fear to imaginary objects/creatures, school - fear of physical harm and real life. 2. increases with age especially when infants move around - they see goals are blocked) 4. response to pain or separation, not very common unless very extreme situation. Sadness - emerges in first few months (less frequent than anger), show sadness in. Anger - emerges when objects removed/restrained, linked to specific situations.
