BIOL 142 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Lysogenic Cycle, Dna Replication, Pilus

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13 Mar 2018

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From a donor cell to the recipient cell. Or between bacterial or yeast cells mediated by a phage vector. Describe the structure and the lysogenic and lytic cycles of a bacteriophage virus. Interpret the results of the zinder and lederberg u-tube. Bacterial cells can take up small pieces of extracellular dna. Entry of dna is thought to occur at a limited number of receptor sites on the surface of a competent bacterial cell. A competent cell is able to take up extracellular (naked) dna from its environment. Receptor in the plasma membrane makes it permeable to the nucleic acid. Soon after entry, one of the two strands of double helix is digested by nucleases, leaving only a single strand to participate in transformation. Other strand lines up with a chromosome of homology in the host. The surviving dna strand aligns with the complementary region of the bacterial chromosome.

Related Questions

Genetic Recombination in Bacteria by Transduction For each of the following statements about bacterial genetic recombination by phage transduction, answer: "True" or "False".

1) In generalized transduction, the transducing phage carries a random piece of DNA from a donor host cell.

2) A phage that infects several species of bacteria might be able to transfer DNA from one to another.

3) A specialized transducing phage transfers specific host DNA sequences along with the phage DNA.

4) In recombination by transduction, the bacterial cell that donates the DNA is killed by a virus.

5) A phage is a bacterium that infects and takes over human cells.

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Every year, the viral strains included in vaccinations for the flu are slightly different, based on the prevalence of the strains present the previous year. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the vaccinations and the treatment of viral infections like the flu?

	A.	When someone who is vaccinated encounters the virus they were vaccinated for, antigens are produced triggering destruction of the virus.
	B.	Antibodies are built up in response to viral antigens, making those with vaccines more susceptible to viral infection.
	C.	Viruses mutate quickly due to overuse of antibiotics.
	D.	Vaccinations involve introducing an antigen of a virus into the immune system, which stimulates the production of antibodies.

Recall that HIV is a retrovirus. Based on that, which of the following would NOT be an effective drug target for treatment of HIV?

	A.	Translation inhibitors
	B.	Integrase inhibitors
	C.	Reverse transcriptase inhibitors

The type of horizontal gene transfer that specifically requires a virus to transfer DNA from donor to recipient is called:

	A.	transformation.
	B.	conjugation.
	C.	transduction.
	D.	binary fission.

Binary fission differs from mitosis in that

	A.	binary fission occurs in prokaryotes, and mitosis happens in eukaryotes.
	B.	binary fission does not have a step to duplicate the genetic information, and mitosis does.
	C.	binary fission creates daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell, while mitosis introduces genetic variation.
	D.	binary fission does not have a step to separate the parent cell into two daughter cells, and mitosis does.

Bacteria contain ______ in their cell walls, while Archaea contain _____ in their cell walls.

	A.	chitin; peptidoglycan
	B.	peptidoglycan; pseudopeptidoglycan
	C.	pseudopeptidoglycan; peptidoglycan
	D.	peptidoglycan; chitin
	E.	cellulose; chitin

BIOL 142 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Lysogenic Cycle, Dna Replication, Pilus

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