BIOLOGY 3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Lignin, Hydrogen Bond, East Los Angeles College

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orangemarten224

24 Dec 2020

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Document Summary

Cellulose is a carbohydrate polymer made of chains of glucose monomers connected in a linear structure. Linear strands of cellulose are made by rosettes of cellulose synthesizing proteins that are free to move in the plasmamembranes of plants and charophyte green algae. Starch is so easily digested by animals whereas cellulose is not because starch is a branched molecule and cellulose is a linear molecule. Larger number of sugar molecules can join each other to form large polysaccharides such as starch, the storage product of plants and green algae. Starch is a branched 1-4 linked glucan. Glycogen is made of linked glucose molecules and is a major storage product of animal cells, often found in high abundance in the liver. Like starch it is a branched 1-4 linked glucan with the branches being 1-6 bond off the stem. Energy is stored in the bonds between atoms.

Related Questions

What is the difference between starch and cellulose? What is the difference between starch and cellulose?

A) In cellulose, the polymer is assembled using fructose instead of glucose. Cellulose is similar to glycogen in that it is used for short-term energy storage because the bonds can be easily hydrolyzed. Starch is used for long-term energy storage.

B) Cellulose can be hydrolyzed into monomers by the human digestive tract, whereas starch cannot.

C) Cellulose is composed of alternating monomers of glucose and galactose, whereas starch is composed of glucose only.

D) The monosaccharide monomers of cellulose differ from those in starch. The human digestive tract cannot hydrolyze these monomers.

E) In cellulose, the glucose monomers are assembled in an alternating pattern on different sides of the linked monomers, and the human digestive tract cannot break the bonds. In starch, the glucose monomers are not alternated and our digestive tract can break these bonds.

Can somebody check if my answer is rght? Thank you

Complex carbohydrates

Indicate whether each of the following statements about polysaccharides is True or False.

1. Polysaccharides are long polymers made of many nucleotides that have been joined through dehydration synthesis. False
2. Cellulose is the main storage polysaccharide in plants while glycogen is an important storage polysaccharide in many animals. False
3. Both starch and glycogen are composed of Î±-glucose subunits. True
4. Starch is composed of amylose and amylopectin, which are unbranched and branched chains of Î±-glucose subunits, respectively. False
5. Like amylopectin, glycogen is insoluble in water, but it has a longer average chain length and fewer branches. True
6. Although some polysaccharides are used to store energy, others serve as structural material for cells. True
7. The principal structural polysaccharide in plants is starch. True
8. Cellulose is composed of a long, branched chain of Î²-glucose subunits. True
9. The starch-hydrolyzing enzymes produced by most organisms cannot break the bond between two Î± -glucose subunits because they only recognize Î² linkages. False
10. Chitin is a structural polysaccharide found in the exoskeleton of arthropods and the cell wall of many fungi. True

please i need help with this qustions answer the multiple choice that is all and be clear not writes un clear stuff just asnswer the qustions please

Question 1

Starch is: (select all the correct answers)

an energy storage carbohydrate in plants

an energy storage carbohydrate in animals

a structural carbohydrate in plants

a polymer of glucose

Question 2

The monomers in starch are joined together by which type of linkage?

beta 1-4 glycosidic linkage

alpha 1-4 glycosidic linkage

alpha 1-6 glycosidic linkage

Question 3