NUTR 2105 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Negative Feedback, Subclavian Vein, Microvillus
10 Apr 2017
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Breaking down foods into nutrients in preparation for absorption. Trachea: allows air to pass to and from lungs. Esophagus: passes food from the mouth to the stomach. Esophageal sphincters: allow passage from mouth to esophagus and from esophagus to stomach; prevent backflow from stomach to esophagus and from esophagus to mouth. Diaphragm: separates the abdomen from the thoracic cavity. Stomach: churns, mixes, and grinds food to a liquid mass; adds acid, enzymes, and fluid. Pyloric sphincter: allows passage from stomach to small intestine, prevents backflow from small intestine. Liver: manufactures bile salts, detergent- like substances, to help digest fats. Bile duct: conducts bile from the gallbladder to the small intestine. Small intestine: secretes enzymes that digest all energy-yielding nutrients to smaller nutrient particles; cells of wall absorb nutrients into blood and lymph. Ileocecal valve (sphincter): allows passage from small to large intestine; prevents backflow from large intestine.
