BIOL 1100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Lipid Bilayer, Signal Transduction, Cortisone
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Document Summary
The structure of membrane lipids: membrane-forming lipids have a polar, hydrophilic region and a nonpolar-hydrophobic region, phospholipids are amphipathic, head region (hydrophilic) through covalent bonds, tail region (hydrophobic, a steroid can be part of the membrane system. Lipid micelles (ball) - hydrophilic heads interact with water and hydrophobic tails interact with one another. Lipid bilayer - (form membrane: forms spontaneously. No outside input of energy is required. Types of lipids: fats (triacylglycerols/triglyceride): energy storage. Lipids, membranes, and the first cells: hydrogen bonds cannot form with the hydrocarbon tail. Materials move across cell membrane in different ways: passive transport: no input of energy, active transport: requires energy. Small molecules and ions in a solution (solvent: called solutes; have thermal energy. Diffusion: in a constant, random motion (passive transport) Occurs through a concentration gradient (difference in solute concentrations) When it exists, there is a net movement from high to low regions.
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