BIOSC-116 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Congenital Hypothyroidism, Basal Metabolic Rate, Thyroid
26 Aug 2020
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Iodine deficiency induced goiter since iodine is needed to make thyroid hormone, an iodine deficiency will result in a decreased production of hormone (hypothyroidism). With less thyroid hormone, there will be no inhibition of trh and tsh. So, the hypothalamus will secrete a lot of trh which tells the anterior pituitary to secrete a lot of tsh. The high tsh levels will tell the thyroid gland to secrete its hormones and the thyroid gland tries to do so and gets larger (goiter) as it accumulates the precursor to thyroid hormone. But, because the thyroid doesn"t have the raw materials it needs to make thyroid hormone (iodine), it can"t make the thyroid hormone and so thyroid hormone levels are low (hypothyroidism). thyroid. Hypothyroidism will cause a low basal metabolic rate, low heart rate (bradycardia), lethargy, constipation (digestive tract activity is slow), obesity. Hypothyroidism in a child is called congenital hypothyroidism = developmental disabilities and dwarfism as well as above symptoms.
