BIOSC-116 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Axon Terminal, Cell Membrane, Neurotransmitter

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coppermule660

16 Jun 2020

School

Diablo Valley College

Department

Biological Science

Course

BIOSC-116

Professor

Khan

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Document Summary

Action potentials cannot jump from neuron to neuron (or effector organ) When an ap reaches the axon terminals of an axon it is stuck. It cannot jump across the gap to the next neuron or to an effector organ. The junction between a neuron and another neuron or an effector organ is called a synapse. Axon terminals of the neuron don"t actually touch directly the adjacent cell there is a gap between them. Synapse is the interphase (place) where communication has to be transmitted from the neuron to the postsynaptic cell. Space between them is called the synaptic cleft. In order for the neuron to relay the message across to the next cell, it has to switch communication form. Release of neurotransmitter molecules across the synaptic cleft. Specific chemicals are released from the presynaptic neuron into the cleft, they diffuse across to the postsynaptic neuron or effector organ and relay the message.

Related Questions

From the following list, select all options that are correctwith respect to the synapse.

Question 5 options:

A)	the synapse is the site where the plasma membrane that coversthe axon terminal of one neuron makes direct contact with and fusesto the plasma membrane on the cell body or dendrite of anotherneuron

B)	the action potential travels through extracellular fluid in thesynapse to get from one neuron to the next

C)	presynaptic nerve terminals release chemical messengers into thesynapse in response to arrival of an action potential

D)	signaling molecules in the synapse can be broken down by enzymesthat are present on the post synaptic cell membrane

E)	signaling molecules in the synapse can bind to 're-uptake'receptors and be taken back into the presynaptic neuron forbreakdown or for repackaging/reuse

F)	signaling molecules can be taken into and degraded within thepostsynaptic cell

G)	signaling molecules in the synapse function as chemicalmessengers that regulate the opening of ligand-gated channels inthe plasma membranes of post synaptic cells

graymink444

11.Norepinephrine is the neurotransmitter released in the synaptic cleft of the neuromuscular junction.

True

False

9. Choose the chemical below that allows transmission of a nerve impulse from one neuron across a synapse to another neuron.

		Sodium
		Chloride ion
		Neurotransmitter
		Pottasium

5. When thinking about an action potential, which of the following describes what is happening?

		All of these are correct
		The membrane potential changes really fast.
		It is part of the process of how a nerve cell passes information.
		It is generated as a result of voltage-gated ion channels opening.

amethystdeer677

Which one of the following is an experimental evidence that demonstrates the reverse-transport model of amphetamine action? At high concentration of amphetamine,

a. it shows saturation kinetics when all the transporters are occupied and reversed.

b. it requires Ca++ ions entry to release neuotransmitters.

c. it requires action potential firings at the pre-synaptic terminal

. d. it is broken down by the COMT enzyme at the synapse, rendering it useless.

e. it is synthesized by the presynaptic neuron

33. When the reuptake of dopamine is blocked by the Ritalinâ¢ or cocaine molecule, what would happen?

a. increase in dopamine synthesis by the presynaptic neuron

b. decrease in dopamine synthesis by the presynaptic neuron

c. dopamine level at the synaptic cleft would be prolonged

d. dopamine level at the synaptic cleft would be decreased

e. enhance the release of dopamine from the presynaptic terminal.

Which experiment is used to prove that release of dopamine induced by amphetamine is not coming from vesicular release? a. dopamine is released by activation of action potentials in the presynaptic neuron without amphetamine. b. dopamine release only in the presence of magnesium. c. dopamine release is dependent on depolarization of post-synaptic cell. d. dopamine release from axon terminal can occur in Ca++ free medium. e. dopamine release is quantal in amount.

BIOSC-116 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Axon Terminal, Cell Membrane, Neurotransmitter

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