CHEM 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Isothermal Process, Automotive Engine, Thermodynamics
21 Mar 2016
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Document Summary
First law of thermodynamics: energy cannot be created or destroyed. Therefore, the total energy of the universe is a constant: energy can be converted from one form to another or transferred from a system to the surroundings or vice versa. Above 0 c, it is spontaneous for ice to melt. Below 0 c, the reverse process is spontaneous. Reversible processes: in a reversible process, the system changes in such a way that the system and surroundings can be put back in their original states by exactly reversing the process. Irreversible processes: irreversible processes cannot be undone by exactly reversing the change to the system, spontaneous processes are irreversible. S = sfinal - sinitial: for a process occurring at constant temperature (an isothermal process), the change in entropy is equal to the heat that would be transferred if the process were reversible divided by the temperature.
