HSCI 231 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Birth Weight, Prenatal Care, Intrauterine Growth Restriction
Document Summary
Cigarette smoking: 13% of women smoke during pregnancy, complications, lower birthweight, physical and mental problems for infants, infertility, spontaneous abortions (miscarriage, ectopic pregnancies, placental irregularities and intrauterine growth retardation. Fetal alcohol syndrome: 10% of all pregnant women drank alcohol; 2% were binge or frequent drinkers, complications, growth retardation, facial malformations, central nervous system dysfunction, mental retardation. A pregnant woman should avoid the following as precautional measures to protect herself and her baby: pollutants, toxic wastes, heavy metals, pesticides, gases, radiation treatment, diagnostic x rays, heat exposure. Prenatal testing: screening: down syndrome and trisomy 18, maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein screening (msafp, detailed ultrasounds exams. Prenatal testing: diagnostic: chronic villus sampling (cvs): 10th - 12th week, amniocentesis: 15th - 18th week, fetal blood sampling. Ectopic pregnancy: occurs in approximately 20 per 1,000 pregnancies, risk factors related to fallopian tube problems, fertilized egg grows outside uterine cavity, abdominal pin, spotting, ruptured fallopian tube, pid, can be life threatening.
