PSY 001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Tabula Rasa, Wilhelm Wundt, Edward B. Titchener
30 Jul 2020
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Rene descartes: dualism: mind & body two separate entities that interact. Hippocrates: tabula rasa or blank slate , four humours or temperaments, black bile, yellow bile (gk. chole), phlegm and blood. University of leipzig, germany: campaigned to make psych an independent discipline, established the first laboratory (1879) Structuralism edward titchener: analyze consciousness into basic elements, sensation & perception, introspection careful, systematic observations of one"s own conscious experience. Functionalism william james: investigate function of consciousness, led to investigation of mental testing, developmental patterns, and sex differences. Behavior = overt or observable responses or activities: radical reorientation of psychology as a science of observable behavior, study of consciousness abandoned. B. f. skinner (1904-1990): united states: environmental factors determine behavior, operant conditioning. Humanism: led by abraham maslow (1908-1970) and carl rogers (1902-1987, optimistic, emphasis on the unique qualities of humans: freedom and personal growth. Cognition = mental processes involved in acquiring knowledge: application of scientific methods to studying internal mental events.
