LIFE 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Nuclear Membrane, Chromosome, Nucleolus
Document Summary
Prokaryotes (bacteria): 1 organism = 1 cell ~ 1 micrometer = 10^-6m. Eukaryotes (all others) usually many cells, 1 cell= 10-100 micrometers. Big animals do not have big cells. The surface area increases while the total volume will remain constant. Immunofluorescence: an imaging method using labeled fluorescent antibodies. A thin section through the bacterium bacillus coagulans. All prokaryotes must have: dna, cytoplasm, plasma membrane, cell wall, and ribosomes. Prokaryotes have cell walls to build a barrier, maintain their shape by providing a rigid structure that connects to the outer membrane, and as a filter. Pili- the hairlike pieces on the outside of the bacteria, help them stick. Slime capsule: a jelly like area on the outside for the adhesion. Flagella: the long strands off of it that help with mobility. Nucleus holds: dna, surrounded by a double membrane. Advantage: incompatible reactions can be physically separated. The major component of a cell membrane is phospholipid.
